FOR PUBLICATION
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT: ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE:
TIMOTHY J. BURNS
STEVE CARTER
Indianapolis, Indiana Attorney General of Indiana
CYNTHIA L. PLOUGHE
Deputy Attorney General
Indianapolis, Indiana
IN THE
COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA
JASON EDWARDS, )
)
Appellant-Defendant, )
)
vs. ) No. 49A02-0307-CR-586
)
STATE OF INDIANA, )
)
Appellee-Plaintiff. )
APPEAL FROM THE MARION SUPERIOR COURT
The Honorable Linda Brown, Judge
Cause No. 49F10-0211-CM-275722
February 27, 2004
OPINION - FOR PUBLICATION
NAJAM, Judge
STATEMENT OF THE CASE
Jason Edwards appeals his conviction following a bench trial for Prostitution, a Class
A misdemeanor. He raises a single issue for our review, namely, whether
there was sufficient evidence to support his conviction.
We affirm.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
On the evening of October 11, 2002, Indianapolis Police Officer James Waters responded
to a complaint concerning prostitution near East St. Clair Street in Indianapolis.
After he arrived in the vicinity, Waters observed Edwards loitering near some closed
businesses and closely watching traffic. As he drove along St. Clair in
an unmarked police car, Officer Waters made eye contact with Edwards. After
Officer Waters slowed to a stop, Edwards approached the car and asked if
Waters was a police officer. Waters said that he was not a
police officer and told Edwards that he was looking for some fun.
Edwards then stated that he needed a ride to Mitthoeffer Road and that
someone who wasnt going to give someone a ride . . . wasnt
really looking for any fun. Next, Officer Waters clarified that he was
looking for head, which is street terminology for fellatio. At that point,
Edwards got into the officers car and agreed to give Waters head in
exchange for a ride to Mitthoeffer Road. Officer Waters then called for
backup and placed Edwards under arrest.
The State charged Edwards with prostitution. Following a bench trial, the court
found him guilty and sentenced him to probation. Edwards now appeals.
DISCUSSION AND DECISION
Edwards contends that the evidence is insufficient to support his conviction. Specifically,
Edwards asserts that there is no evidence that he agreed to perform deviate
sexual conduct in return for money or other property because a car ride
is not property under the prostitution statute. The State responds that it
proved the money or other property element of prostitution beyond a reasonable doubt
because Indianas criminal code defines property to include services. We agree with
the State.
In reviewing a sufficiency of evidence claim, we do not reweigh the evidence
or assess the credibility of witnesses. Ferrell v. State, 746 N.E.2d 48,
50 (Ind. 2001). Rather, we look to the evidence and the reasonable
inferences drawn therefrom that support the judgment and will affirm the conviction if
there is probative evidence from which a reasonable trier of fact could have
found the defendant guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. Id.
A person commits prostitution if he performs or agrees to perform sexual intercourse
or deviate sexual conduct for money or other property. Ind. Code §
35-45-4-2.
See footnote
Because the prostitution statute does not define the term property, Edwards
asserts that we must apply the plain, ordinary definition of that word.
Specifically, he directs us to a dictionary definition which defines property as something
owned or possessed. And because a car ride across town is not
something one can own or possess and is intangible, Edwards claims that the
State failed to meet its burden of proving that he agreed to perform
deviate sexual conduct for property.
As the State points out, although the prostitution statute does not define property,
Indiana Code Section 35-41-1-23, which falls under the definitions chapter of Title 35,
Article 41, provides in relevant part:
(a) Property means anything of value. The term includes:
* * *
(2) real property, personal property, money, labor, and
services;
(3)
intangibles[.]
(Emphases added). In
Moser v. State, 433 N.E.2d 68, 70-71 (Ind. Ct.
App. 1982), this court applied that general statutory definition of property where a
defendant was charged with criminal conversion for obtaining cable television without paying for
the service. In that case, the defendant argued that the signal provided
by the cable company was a service and therefore not property under the
conversion statute. We disagreed. Like the prostitution statute in this case,
the conversion statute did not define property. Although we noted that property
has been defined differently in other areas of the law, we stated that,
[p]roperty in the criminal sense is . . . anything of value; and
includes . . . personal property, money, labor, and services. Id. at
70-71 (quoting former version of I.C. § 35-41-1-23). We therefore concluded that
cable service is property for purposes of the conversion statute.
As in Moser, we conclude that the general definition of property set out
in Indiana Code Section 35-41-1-23 applies here. Under that definition, property includes
services and intangibles. Thus, we hold that Officer Waters testimony that Edwards
had agreed to perform deviate sexual conduct in exchange for a service, namely,
a ride across town, is sufficient evidence to sustain Edwards prostitution conviction.
Affirmed.
BAKER, J., and MAY, J., concur.
Footnote:
Deviate sexual conduct is defined in relevant part as an act
involving the sex organ of one person and the mouth or anus of
another person. Ind. Code § 35-41-1-9. Edwards does not challenge the
sufficiency of the evidence on that element of prostitution.